It is the purpose of this study to provide a retrospective statistical analysis of facial bone fractures and to report some demographical information gathered from the patient’s medical records.
The medical records of 248 patients who received facial bone fractures (381 fractures) during a period July 1974 to June 1981 were reviewed and analyzed to gather statistics related to the Dime distribution, age, sex, causes, incidence of fracture, associated injuries, treatment, and complications.
1) An increase of facial fractures of 22.2% per year was noted. Septmber and July (12.5%, 12.1%) were months associated with the highest fracture rates, conciding with the vacation and holiday seasons. February (2.8%) was the lowest rates. The greatest number of patients were sustained by 46.4% in the highest rates between 6:00 PM. and the midnight.
2) The extremes of age in the study range from 4 year to 66 years with a mean 31.6 years. Predictably, most of the fractures occured in young males with the highest incidence in the 20 to 30 year age group(35.5%, 23.0%).
Males predominated more than females, 3.2:1.
3) The moving vehicle accidents (65.3%) were responsible for the majority of trauma; the interpersonal violence (16.2%) was the next most common cause.
4) The facial bone fractures were classified in six categories : Nose, Orbit, Zygoma, Maxilla, Mandible and Alveolus with Teeth. The mandible(31.2%) was the most frequently involved area and the next frequent fracture site was the nasal complex(24.1%). The symphysis (43.3%) was the most common site in the mandibular fractures. Also the results indicate a significant incidence of single (58.8%) rather than multiple bone involvement.
5) Facial lacerations were sustained by 52.8% in the highest rates associated with the associated injuries. The chest (33.1%) was the most frequently involved area among the patients received orthopedic fractures. Surprisingly, cervical spine fractures were not noted. The cerebral contussion and concussion (28.6%) were in the highest rates associated with the life- threatening injuries.
6) The proper management of facial bone fractures include : 1. Non-immobilization (No-treatment or Conservative treatment), 45.9%; 2. Closed reduction, with interosseous fixation, usually with intermaxillary fixation as well, 29.4% ; 4 Combinated treatment,0.3%.
7) The infection on the operative sites & post-traumatic psychosis associated with complications were occured in the highest rates(each other 16.9%).
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